[Treatment with botulinum toxin of masseter hypertrophy, myalgia of the tendons and attrition induced by bruxism].

Bruxism is a disabling condition in which unconscious contractions of the masticulatory muscles lead to teeth grinding and jaw clenching. Symptoms include toothache, temporomandibular dysfunction, headache and attrition. Treatment options range from conservative approaches to invasive interventions.

[Vascular occlusion following profile harmonization of the chin with hyaluronic acid fillers].

The use of dermal fillers for cosmetic procedures has increased rapidly both worldwide and in the Netherlands in recent years, which has led to an absolute increase in reported side effects and complications. Although most of these complications are mild, serious complications such as vascular occlusion can also occur. In this article, we describe a case of a 35-year-old woman who showed signs of reduced tissue perfusion and the early stage of skin necrosis following injection of hyaluronic acid fillers in the chin.

[What is 'botox', what are fillers, and how safe are these cosmetic injectables?].

Botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT-A, popularly referred to as 'botox') is a muscle-relaxant that is injected into the mimic facial muscles to soften wrinkles in more than two percent of Dutch women annually. A similar number of women undergo filler injections with hyaluronic acid hydrogels, used to counteract the aging appearance of the skin, or to create desired facial contours. Complications are generally mild in nature and rare (certainly compared to surgical complication rates) and include nodules, bumps and a temporary heavy feeling of the eyebrows.

Assessment of comorbid symptoms in pediatric autonomic dysfunction.

Purpose: Pediatric patients with autonomic dysfunction and orthostatic intolerance (OI) often present with co-existing symptoms and signs that might or might not directly relate to the autonomic nervous system. Our objective was to identify validated screening instruments to characterize these comorbidities and their impact on youth functioning.

Methods: The Pediatric Assembly of the American Autonomic Society reviewed the current state of practice for identifying symptom comorbidities in youth with OI.