A Multiomics Perspective on Plant Cell Wall-Degrading Enzyme Production: Insights from the Unexploited Fungus .

is a filamentous fungus that was isolated from decaying sugarcane straw at a Brazilian ethanol biorefinery. This fungus shows potential as a source of plant cell wall-degrading enzymes (PCWDEs). In this study, we conducted a comprehensive multiomics investigation of to gain insights into its enzymatic capabilities and genetic makeup.

Deletion of AA9 Lytic Polysaccharide Monooxygenases Impacts A. nidulans Secretome and Growth on Lignocellulose.

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are oxidative enzymes found in viruses, archaea, and bacteria as well as eukaryotes, such as fungi, algae and insects, actively contributing to the degradation of different polysaccharides. In Aspergillus nidulans, LPMOs from family AA9 (LPMO9s), along with an AA3 cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH1), are cosecreted upon growth on crystalline cellulose and lignocellulosic substrates, indicating their role in the degradation of plant cell wall components. Functional analysis revealed that three target LPMO9s (LPMO9C, LPMO9F and LPMO9G) correspond to cellulose-active enzymes with distinct regioselectivity and activity on cellulose with different proportions of crystalline and amorphous regions.

Effect of on ruminal fermentation, feed intake and dry matter digestibility in cows fed forage-based diets.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of inclusion on ruminal fermentation, feed intake and dry matter (DM) apparent digestibility in cows fed forage and concentrate. Cows were randomly assigned in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design, into four treatments: control and three doses of culture (1, 2 and 3 g/d). Experimental periods had 21 days, in which 14 days were allowed for treatment adaptation and 7 days for sampling.

Bacillus cytotoxicus-A potentially virulent food-associated microbe.

Bacillus cytotoxicus is a member of the Bacillus cereus group with the ability to grow at high temperatures (up to 52℃) and to synthesize cytotoxin K-1, a diarrhoeagenic cytotoxin, which appears to be unique to this species and more cytotoxic than the cytotoxin K-2 produced by other members of this group. Only a few isolates of this species have been characterized with regard to their cytotoxic effects, and the role of cytotoxin K-1 as a causative agent of food poisoning remains largely unclear. Bacillus cytotoxicus was initially isolated from a food-borne outbreak, which led to three deaths, and the organism has since been linked to other outbreaks all involving plant-based food matrices.

Evaluation of a Mobile Health Intervention to Improve Wellness Outcomes for Breast Cancer Survivors.

Purpose: Breast cancer survivors are at increased risk of cancer recurrence, second malignancies, and other comorbid conditions. This study examined if use of a convenient, commercially available, $65 per month app that gives breast cancer survivors access to a health and wellness coach is more effective than a self-guided toolkit and one-time health education session at achieving the following goals: 1) improving adherence to a plant-based diet, 2) increasing physical activity, 3) assisting with weight loss and reduction in body mass index, 4) reducing elevated depression and fatigue scores, and 5) leading to sustained adherence to lifestyle and wellness plan at and beyond 6 months.

Methods: A nonrandomized 2-group control study design with pre-post repeated measures (N=127 subjects) was utilized.