Staphylococci and mammaliicocci: which species are important for udder health on organic dairy farms?

Variation in species distribution and diversity of staphylococci and mammaliicocci (SaM) causing intramammary infections in dairy cattle is associated with different management practices. Disparate selective pressures on organic dairies could potentially result in population differences of these mastitis-causing bacteria. The species-specific effect on quarter somatic cell count of SaM for a population of certified organic dairies has not been described previously.

Local area variation in health visiting contacts across England for children under age 5: a cross-sectional analysis of administrative data in England 2018-2020.

Background: The health visiting service in England leads the government's Healthy Child Programme (HCP) for children under five years. Local authorities and their provider partners deliver this service differently across England.

Objective: To describe local authority variation in the delivery of health visiting to children under five years in England (2018-2020).

Winner-loser plant trait replacements in human-modified tropical forests.

Anthropogenic landscape modification may lead to the proliferation of a few species and the loss of many. Here we investigate mechanisms and functional consequences of this winner-loser replacement in six human-modified Amazonian and Atlantic Forest regions in Brazil using a causal inference framework. Combining floristic and functional trait data for 1,207 tree species across 271 forest plots, we find that forest loss consistently caused an increased dominance of low-density woods and small seeds dispersed by endozoochory (winner traits) and the loss of distinctive traits, such as extremely dense woods and large seeds dispersed by synzoochory (loser traits).

Protocol for a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of preventive interventions versus any control intervention for parents with a mental disorder on offspring outcomes.

Background: Offspring of parents with a mental disorder are at high risk of a range of adverse outcomes, highlighting the need for preventive interventions. However, a comprehensive overview of the beneficial and harmful effects of preventive interventions for parents with mental disorders on offspring outcomes are uncertain. The main objective of this systematic review will be to assess the effects of preventive interventions versus any control intervention for parents with a mental disorder on offspring outcomes.