Future projections for mammalian whole-brain simulations based on technological trends in related fields.

Large-scale brain simulation allows us to understand the interaction of vast numbers of neurons having nonlinear dynamics to help understand the information processing mechanisms in the brain. The scale of brain simulations continues to rise as computer performance improves exponentially. However, a simulation of the human whole brain has not yet been achieved as of 2024 due to insufficient computational performance and brain measurement data.

Real world effectiveness of early ensitrelvir treatment in patients with SARS-CoV-2, a retrospective case series.

Background: Ensitrelvir, a 3C-like protease inhibitor, received emergency approval in Japan in November 2022 for treating non-hospitalized patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. However, confirmation of its real-world clinical effectiveness is limited.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 18 vaccinated outpatients (15 men; median age, 39.

Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: Understanding Formation Mechanism of Radioactive Particles through Sr and Pu Quantities.

The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident released considerable radionuclides into the environment. Radioactive particles, composed mainly of SiO, emerged as distinctive features, revealing insights into the accident's dynamics. While studies extensively focused on high-volatile radionuclides like Cs, investigations into low-volatile nuclides such as Sr and Pu remain limited.

Does "Low Cost" Urban Sanitation Exist? Lessons from a Global Data Set.

In this paper, we report results from, and demonstrate the value of, a global database for the collection and aggregation of reliable and comparable cost data for urban sanitation systems as they are built and operated on the ground (rather than the "as planned" costs that are often reported). We show that no particular "mode" of urban sanitation (for example "sewered sanitation" or "fecal sludge management") can be meaningfully described as "low cost" when compared to other modes. We show that economies of scale may operate for systems that transport waste from pits and sealed tanks by road as well as for sewerage.

Embodied bidirectional simulation of a spiking cortico-basal ganglia-cerebellar-thalamic brain model and a mouse musculoskeletal body model distributed across computers including the supercomputer Fugaku.

Embodied simulation with a digital brain model and a realistic musculoskeletal body model provides a means to understand animal behavior and behavioral change. Such simulation can be too large and complex to conduct on a single computer, and so distributed simulation across multiple computers over the Internet is necessary. In this study, we report our joint effort on developing a spiking brain model and a mouse body model, connecting over the Internet, and conducting bidirectional simulation while synchronizing them.