Protective effect of Tongdu Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with Xiaoxuming decoction on dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease model.

Objective: To explore the possible mechanism of Tongdu Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with Xiaoxuming decoction (, XXMD) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into eight groups ( 12), including blank group, model group, medication group, acupuncture group, high-dose XXMD group (XXMD-H), low-dose XXMD group (XXMD-L), acupuncture combined with high-dose XXMD group (A+H), and acupuncture combined with low-dose XXMD group (A+L). After treatment for 6 weeks, dopamine (DA) neurons and the pathological changes of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive cells were observed.

Population structure of Hylobates concolor in Bawanglin Nature Reserve, Hainan, China.

The Hainan gibbon continues to survive in Bawanglin Nature Reserve in four social groups totalling 21 individuals. Twelve births have occurred since 1982, and 11 of these individuals survive in 1989. Only three of these 12 births have been females, however.