Cultivation Intensity in Combination with Other Ecological Factors as Limiting Ones for the Abundance of Phytopathogenic Fungi on Wheat.

In field and laboratory experiments during 2014-2017, we investigated the influence of lower and higher cultivation intensity of wheat and ecological factors (weather-temperature and rainfalls, year) on the occurrence of phytopathogenic fungi on the leaves of winter wheat. The prevailing fungi in those years were Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) J. Schrott and Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.

Influence of temperature, precipitation, and cultivar characteristics on changes in the spectrum of pathogenic fungi in winter wheat.

In view of the threat posed by climate change, we studied the influence of temperature, precipitation, cultivar characteristics, and technical management measures on the occurrence of phytopathogenic fungi in wheat during 2009-2013. This work involved experiments at two sites differing in average temperatures and precipitation. Temperature and precipitation appear to influence differences in the spectrum of phytopathogenic fungi at the individual sites.

Biological protection of the main cereals against fungal specific diseases.

Our field experiments showed that the use of Czech biopreparations (Supresivit, Ibefungin and Polyversum) based on the following microorganisms: Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilts and Pythium oligandrum applied as the seed treatment, the spray on the plants and like the mixture with mineral fertilizers (NPK, ammonium sulphate) lead namely after the seed-treatment and after the application as the mixture with mineral fertilizers to the increasing of the yield about 3-5 % (spring barley, winter wheat). This increasing was given by depression of soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi of the genera: Fusarium, Drechslera (Helminthosporium), Pseudocercosporella (Tapesia), Gaeumannomyces, and partially Rhynchosporium. The number of the fungi on plant rests were also influenced.

Airborne microorganism monitoring: a comparison of several methods, including a new direct counting technique.

Samples of aerosol from the surrounding air were collected by forcing them to impact onto a solid nutrient medium, onto membrane filters, or onto microscope slides on microcover slips. The samples were cultivated or viewed in a fluorescence microscope by using a technique developed by us, or investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The amounts of microorganisms found by cultivation method, i.