Behavioural responses of to standard pyrethroid and PBO-treated bednets of different operational ages.

To combat pyrethroid insecticide resistance, there has been widespread distribution of pyrethroid-treated bednets (ITNs) co-impregnated with piperonyl butoxide (PBO), a synergist that inhibits enzyme activity to block metabolic resistance. While PBO impacts physiological resistance, mosquito behavioural responses when attempting to blood-feed through nets may be more dependent on net characteristics, in particular the insecticide treatment and operational age of nets. These potentially interacting effects are currently not well characterised.

The Modified Harborview Risk Score Successfully Predicts Mortality after Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair.

Background: The traditional Harborview Risk Score uses 4 criteria to predict mortality after surgical repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAAs): preoperative minimum systolic blood pressure <70 mm Hg, creatinine >2.0 mg/dL, age >76 years and preoperative arterial pH < 7.2.

Widespread occurrence of dissolved oxygen anomalies, aerobic microbes, and oxygen-producing metabolic pathways in apparently anoxic environments.

Nearly all molecular oxygen (O2) on Earth is produced via oxygenic photosynthesis by plants or photosynthetically active microorganisms. Light-independent O2 production, which occurs both abiotically, e.g.

Mechanochemical Synthesis of a Sodium Anion Complex [Na(2,2,2-cryptand)Na] and Studies of Its Reactivity: Two-Electron and One-Electron Reductions.

Group 1 metal molecular chemistry is dominated by a +1 oxidation state, while a 0 oxidation state is widespread in the metals. A more exotic, yet still available, oxidation state of group 1 metal is -1, i.e.