Automated Loss-of-Balance Event Identification in Older Adults at Risk of Falls during Real-World Walking Using Wearable Inertial Measurement Units.

Loss-of-balance (LOB) events, such as trips and slips, are frequent among community-dwelling older adults and are an indicator of increased fall risk. In a preliminary study, eight community-dwelling older adults with a history of falls were asked to perform everyday tasks in the real world while donning a set of three inertial measurement sensors (IMUs) and report LOB events via a voice-recording device. Over 290 h of real-world kinematic data were collected and used to build and evaluate classification models to detect the occurrence of LOB events.

Differential degradation of RNA species by autophagy-related pathways in Arabidopsis.

The plant vacuole recycles proteins and RNA delivered to it by autophagy. In this study, by isolating intact vacuoles from Arabidopsis plants, followed by subsequent RNA purification, and deep sequencing, we provide a comprehensive characterization of Arabidopsis vacuolar RNAome. In the vacuolar RNAome, we detected ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, including those of chloroplast origin, and in addition small RNA types.

Diffusion profiles in biofilms under different conditions.

Despite being an important topic in biofilm research, we still know little about diffusion in biofilms. Emerging biofilms of growing in custom-made flow-cells were monitored and diffusion constants across the height of the biofilms recorded. The biofilms showed different diffusional behavior with regard to flow rate and pH variations, despite growing to similar thickness.

Improved FRAP Measurements on Biofilms.

We expand the standard fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) model introduced by Axelrod et al. in 1976. Our goal is to capture some of the following common artifacts observed in the fluorescence measurements obtained with a confocal laser scanning microscope in biofilms: 1) linear drift, 2) exponential decrease (due to bleaching during the measurements), 3) stochastic Gaussian noise, and 4) uncertainty in the exact time point of the onset of fluorescence recovery.