Publications by authors named "J Hand"
Though antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are required for hospitals, the involvement of transplant recipients in programmatic interventions, protocols, and metrics has historically been limited. Though there is a growing interest in studying stewardship practices in transplant patients, optimal practices have not been clearly established. A component of ASPs, antiviral stewardship (AVS), specifically targeting cytomegalovirus (CMV), has been more recently described.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam are preferred treatment options for multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections; however, real-world comparative effectiveness studies are scarce. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic differences between the agents might affect clinical response rates. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam for treatment of invasive multidrug-resistant P aeruginosa infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- * Organic aerosols were found to be the most significant contributor to PM mass, accounting for over 40% annually, with biomass smoke influencing particulate organic matter and elemental carbon levels.
- * Seasonal variations in aerosol species were notable, particularly for particulate organic matter, fine dust, and ammonium nitrate, pointing to the need for further evaluation of how urban and rural emissions affect aerosol concentrations and atmospheric conditions.
Solid organ transplant and hematopoietic cell transplant patients face an increased risk of infectious diseases, greater exposure to antibiotics, and heightened risk of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) due to their immunosuppressed state. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) are essential in reducing the incidence of MDRO by conserving antimicrobial use, minimizing treatment durations, and improving the appropriate use of diagnostic testing. However, the role of ASP in transplant infectious diseases (TID) is still evolving, necessitating greater collaboration between ASP and transplant programs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Kidney transplantation from HIV-positive donors to HIV-positive recipients is a growing practice, initiated under a 2016 U.S. law, and is currently being evaluated for broader clinical implementation.
- An observational study involving 408 candidates at 26 U.S. centers assessed the safety and health outcomes of kidney transplants from both HIV-positive and HIV-negative donors to HIV-positive recipients, finding no significant difference in major health risks between the two donor groups.
- Results indicated similar long-term survival rates, graft success, and complication rates across both groups, although recipients of kidneys from HIV-positive donors showed a higher incidence of HIV breakthrough infections.