The wave function as a true ensemble.

In quantum mechanics, the wave function predicts probabilities of possible measurement outcomes, but not which individual outcome is realized in each run of an experiment. This suggests that it describes an ensemble of states with different values of a hidden variable. Here, we analyse this idea with reference to currently known theorems and experiments.

The Use of Short-Term Acupressure to Prevent Long-Term PONV: Was This a Case of Too Little, Too Late?

Purpose: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common surgical complication that contributes to poor patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine if acupressure to the P6 pressure point during the immediate postoperative period decreased PONV for the first 24 postoperative hours.

Design: This was a double-blind, randomized study.

Endobronchial Valves in the Treatment of Persistent Air Leaks.

Background: Endobronchial valves (EBVs) are a useful adjunct in the management algorithm of patients with persistent pulmonary air leaks. They are increasingly used in the management of postsurgical parenchymal air leaks and carry a humanitarian use device exemption for this purpose. We report our experience with EBVs in the management of patients with bronchopleural fistula secondary to postsurgical intervention and spontaneous pneumothorax from medical comorbidities.