Publications by authors named "J H Metcalf"
Hospitalized COVID-19 patients exhibit diverse immune responses during acute infection, which are associated with a wide range of clinical outcomes. However, understanding these immune heterogeneities and their links to various clinical complications, especially long COVID, remains a challenge. In this study, we performed unsupervised subtyping of longitudinal multi-omics immunophenotyping in over 1,000 hospitalized patients, identifying two critical subtypes linked to mortality or mechanical ventilation with prolonged hospital stay and three severe subtypes associated with timely acute recovery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Chronic viral infections can reactivate during acute illnesses, and this study looked at how SARS-CoV-2 infection affects latent viruses like Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) in over 1,154 hospitalized COVID-19 patients.* -
- The analysis showed significant reactivation of multiple virus families during the acute stage of COVID-19, which correlated with disease severity, demographics, and clinical outcomes, including higher mortality rates.* -
- Additionally, persistent viral reactivation after recovery was linked to ongoing symptoms of Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), emphasizing the importance of understanding these interactions for better treatment and management strategies.*
Article Synopsis
- The text discusses a specific fungus that survives in the acidic environment of the human stomach, potentially causing conditions like ulcers and gastritis.
- In research on mice, it was found that this fungus can induce localized gastritis without affecting the intestine, highlighting the stomach's vulnerability to fungal infections.
- The study identified immune responses and gene expressions linked to fungal infection in a specific stomach region, suggesting the importance of further research on how this infection interacts with the host's immune system and microbiota.
The urgent need for effective treatments for acute and chronic lung diseases underscores the significance of developing innovative preclinical human research tools. The 2023 ATS Workshop on Precision Cut Lung Slices (PCLS) brought together 35 experts to discuss and address the role of human tissue-derived PCLS as a unique tool for target and drug discovery and validation in pulmonary medicine. With increasing interest and usage, along with advancements in methods and technology, there is a growing need for consensus on PCLS methodology and readouts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive cancer originating in the brain, but unfortunately combination treatments with resection, radiation, and chemotherapy are relatively ineffective. Therefore, novel methods of adjuvant therapy are critically needed. Cyclotides are plant-derived circular peptides that chemosensitize drug-resistant breast cancer to doxorubicin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF