Sialylation inhibition improves macrophage mediated tumor cell phagocytosis of breast cancer cells triggered by therapeutic antibodies of different isotypes.

Tumor cell phagocytosis by macrophages is considered a relevant mechanism of action for many therapeutic IgG antibodies. However, tumor cells employ several mechanisms to evade immune recognition, including hypersialylation. Here, we describe how reduction of sialic acid exposure on tumor cells promotes antibody-dependent tumor cell phagocytosis (ADCP) by macrophages.

Complement activation by IgM autoantibodies linked to immune-mediated neuropathies depends on C2.

Background And Purpose: Complement factor C2 is a potential therapeutic target in immune-mediated neuropathies. However, literature suggests that classical complement pathway activation may proceed to C3 in the absence of C2, a so-called "C2 bypass." Here, we evaluated a C2 bypass mechanism during complement activation by pathogenic human IgM from patients with immune-mediated neuropathies.

Human breastmilk memory T cells throughout lactation manifest activated tissue-oriented profile with prominent regulation.

Breastfeeding provides important immunological benefits to the neonate, but how the different immunoactive components in breastmilk contribute to immunity remains poorly understood. Here, we characterized human breastmilk T cells using single-cell RNA-Seq and flow cytometry. Breastmilk contained predominantly memory T cells, with expression of immune signaling genes, high proliferation, and an effector Th1/cytotoxic profile with high cytokine production capacities.

The relevance of tumor target expression levels on IgA-mediated cytotoxicity in cancer immunotherapy.

Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy, particularly the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors, have reignited interest in targeted monoclonal antibodies for immunotherapy. Antibody therapies aim to minimize on-target, off-tumor toxicity by targeting antigens overexpressed on tumor cells but not on healthy cells. Despite considerable efforts, some therapeutic antibodies have been linked to dose-limiting side effects.

Cold and Liquid Crystal Properties of Square-Planar Copper(II) Versus Nickel(II)- Iminophenolate/Naphthalen-2-Olate Schiff Base Complexes.

Reaction of the phenolate or naphthalen-2-olate based Schiff base ligands, (E)-1-((2-ethylphenylimino)methyl)phenol (HL1) or (E)-1-((2-ethylphenylimino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol (HL2) with nickel(II) and copper(II) acetate provides the complexes bis[(E)-1-((2-ethylphenylimino)methyl)phenolato-ĸN,O]Ni/Cu(II), [Ni(L1)] (1) and [Cu(L1)] (2), or bis[(E)-1-((2-ethylphenylimino)methyl)naphthalen-2-olato-ĸN,O]Ni/Cu(II), [Ni(L2)] (3) and [Cu(L2)] (4), respectively. Single crystal X-ray structure determinations for 1, 3 and 4 reveal N,O-metal coordination of two chelating Schiff base ligands in a square-planar geometry. Powder X-ray diffractograms confirm the phase purity of the bulk microcrystalline samples.