Linsitinib inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of both IGF-1R and TSH-R expressing cells.

Background: The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and the thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) are expressed on orbital cells and thyrocytes. These receptors are targeted in autoimmune-induced thyroid eye disease (TED). Effective therapeutic treatment of TED inhibits activation of the IGF-1R/TSH-R complex.

Mutability and hypermutation antagonize immunoglobulin codon optimality.

The efficacy of antibody responses is inherently linked to paratope diversity, as generated through V(D)J recombination and somatic hypermutation. Despite this, it is unclear how genetic diversification mechanisms evolved alongside codon optimality and affect antibody expression. Here, we analyze germline immunoglobulin (IG) genes, natural V(D)J repertoires, serum IgG, and monoclonal antibody (mAb) expression through the lens of codon optimality.

Skeletal Muscle Inosine Monophosphate Formation Preserves ∆G During Incremental Step Contractions .

The cause and consequences of inosine monophosphate (IMP) formation when ATP declines during muscular contractions are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of IMP formation in the maintenance of the Gibbs free energy for ATP hydrolysis (∆G) during dynamic contractions of increasing workload, and the implications of ATP loss . Eight males (27.

The EstroGene2.0 database for endocrine therapy response and resistance in breast cancer.

Endocrine therapies targeting the estrogen receptor (ER/ESR1) are the cornerstone to treat ER-positive breast cancers patients, but resistance often limits their effectiveness. Notable progress has been made although the fragmented way data is reported has reduced their potential impact. Here, we introduce EstroGene2.

Automated Mineralogy Analysis of the Apollo 17 73002 Continuous Core Thin Sections Using QEMSCAN Mapping Techniques.

The Apollo 17 73001/73002 double drive tube, collected at the base of the South Massif in the Taurus-Littrow Valley, was opened in 2019 as part of the Apollo Next Generation Sample Analysis program (ANGSA). A series of continuous thin sections were prepared capturing the full length of the upper portion of the double drive tube (73002). The aim of this study was to use Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by SCANing electron microscopy (QEMSCAN), to search for clasts of non-lunar meteoritic origin and to analyze the mineralogy and textures within the core.