[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The surgical difficulty of partial nephrectomy (PN) varies depending on the operative approach. Existing nephrometry classifications for assessment of surgical difficulty are not specific to the robotic approach.
Objective: To develop an international robotic-specific classification of renal masses for preoperative assessment of surgical difficulty of robotic PN.
Background: Surgery remains the standard of care for localised renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Nevertheless, nearly 50% of patients with high-risk disease experience relapse after surgery, with distant sites being common. Considering improved outcomes in terms of disease-free survival with adjuvant immunotherapy with pembrolizumab, we hypothesise that neoadjuvant SABR with or without the addition of pembrolizumab before nephrectomy will lead to improved disease outcomes by evoking better immune response in the presence of an extensive reserve of tumor-associated antigens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere is strong selection for the evolution of systems that protect bacterial populations from viral attack. We report a single phage defense protein, Hna, that provides protection against diverse phages in Sinorhizobium meliloti, a nitrogen-fixing alpha-proteobacterium. Homologs of Hna are distributed widely across bacterial lineages, and a homologous protein from Escherichia coli also confers phage defense.
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