Universal trellis coded quantization.

A new form of trellis coded quantization based on uniform quantization thresholds and "on-the-fly" quantizer training is presented. The universal trellis coded quantization (UTCQ) technique requires neither stored codebooks nor a computationally intense codebook design algorithm. Its performance is comparable with that of fully optimized entropy-constrained trellis coded quantization (ECTCQ) for most encoding rates.

[Abdominal migraine as a cause of chronic recurrent abdominal pain in a 9-years-old girl--case report].

Abdominal migraine is a rarely recognized functional intestinal disorder, manifesting as recurrent paroxysmal abdominal pain of neurogenic origin. The authors describe the 9-years old girl referred to the hospital because of chronic paroxysmal abdominal pain. She did not improve after medication used commonly in functional abdominal disorders (drotaverine, mebeverine, trimebutine).

Negative results of antiendomysial antibodies: long term follow up.

Fifteen patients with intestinal villous atrophy, but simultaneously negative results of antiendomysial antibodies (EMA) were studied. Two patients were finally diagnosed as having coeliac disease. The predictive value of negative results of EMA assessment in children suspected of coeliac disease is high, approaching 86.

Ultrasound picture of gastroesophageal junction in children with reflux disease.

The assessment of gastroesophageal junction morphology is very important in children with reflux disease. Authors present ultrasonographic measurements of subdiaphragmatic part of the esophagus and His angle. In children with reflux disease, marked shortening of subdiaphragmatic part of esophagus and completely obtuse His angle were found.