The Buford Complex Redefined: A Pathologic Morphology in Sheep's Clothing.

Background: Considered a normal anatomic variant, the Buford complex has not been studied in children.

Hypothesis: A Buford complex is not a normal anatomic variant and would, therefore, be present at a lower rate than that seen in the adult population.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3.

Selective Use of Pulmonary Vasodilators in Patients with Fontan Physiology.

Background: Fontan-associated liver disease is a well-known sequela following the Fontan procedure for patients living with single-ventricle heart disease. Pulmonary vasodilators, such as phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors, have emerged as a potential therapeutic option for lowering central venous pressures by reducing pulmonary vascular resistance.

Method: We performed a single-center retrospective review of Fontan patients who were placed on pulmonary vasodilator therapy with prehemodynamic and posthemodynamic, MR elastography, and histologic assessments.

Magnetic resonance imaging appearance of breaststroker's knee.

Breaststroker's knee is an overuse syndrome resulting from similar repetitive movements in competitive swimmers that has been described in the orthopedic literature. The typical symptoms are medial knee pain with tenderness to palpation at the tibial collateral ligament or inferomedial patella. Despite these localizing symptoms on clinical exam, arthroscopic studies have failed to demonstrate a specific structural abnormality corresponding to this syndrome, although some have reported thickened medial synovial plica, medial-predominant synovitis or patellofemoral cartilage loss in association knee pain with breaststroke swimmers.

Periosteal stripping in high ankle sprains: An association with osteonecrosis.

Objective: We present a series of 20 cases of a sleeve-type injury of the distal tibia characterized by traumatic periosteal stripping caused by a high ankle sprain. We characterize the magnetic resonance imaging findings associated with this injury and highlight its association with distal tibial osteonecrosis.

Materials And Methods: We collected 20 cases of high ankle sprains with periosteal stripping of the distal tibia through teaching files and a search through our PACS database.

Progressive Elbow Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abnormalities in Little League Baseball Players Are Common: A 3-Year Longitudinal Evaluation.

Background: Prior studies have revealed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of elbow pathology in single-season evaluation of competitive youth baseball players. The natural history of these findings and risk factors for progression have not been reported.

Purpose: To characterize the natural history of bilateral elbow MRI findings in a 3-year longitudinal study and to correlate abnormalities with prior MRI findings, throwing history, playing status, and physical examination.