Comparative assessment of nanomaterial definitions and safety evaluation considerations.

Nanomaterials continue to bring promising advances to science and technology. In concert have come calls for increased regulatory oversight to ensure their appropriate identification and evaluation, which has led to extensive discussions about nanomaterial definitions. Numerous nanomaterial definitions have been proposed by government, industry, and standards organizations.

Workshop report: strategies for setting occupational exposure limits for engineered nanomaterials.

Occupational exposure limits (OELs) are important tools for managing worker exposures to chemicals; however, hazard data for many engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are insufficient for deriving OELs by traditional methods. Technical challenges and questions about how best to measure worker exposures to ENMs also pose barriers to implementing OELs. New varieties of ENMs are being developed and introduced into commerce at a rapid pace, further compounding the issue of OEL development for ENMs.

EMG spike time difference based feedback control.

Flight control in insects has been studied extensively; however the underlying neural mechanisms are not fully understood. Output from the central nervous system (CNS) must drive wing phase shifts and flight muscle depressor asymmetries associated with adaptive flight maneuvers. These maneuvers will, in turn, influence the insect's sensory environment, thus closing the feedback loop.

Selective tessellation algorithm for modeling interactions between surgical instruments and tissues.

We present a selective spatial tessellation algorithm that is specifically optimized for instrument-to-tissue and instrument-to-instrument collision detection cases, which are the essential part of interaction modeling in surgery simulation with haptic feedback. Virtual surgeries demand haptic rate collision solutions only when instruments are involved in collisions. Other collision cases can be processed at slower rates.