Hypothalamic deep brain stimulation augments walking after spinal cord injury.

A spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts the neuronal projections from the brain to the region of the spinal cord that produces walking, leading to various degrees of paralysis. Here, we aimed to identify brain regions that steer the recovery of walking after incomplete SCI and that could be targeted to augment this recovery. To uncover these regions, we constructed a space-time brain-wide atlas of transcriptionally active and spinal cord-projecting neurons underlying the recovery of walking after incomplete SCI.

The relationship between adverse childhood experiences and disorders of the gut-brain interaction.

Objectives: Disorders of the gut-brain interaction (DGBI) arise from a complex interplay of psychosocial factors, altered physiology, and early life factors. In adults, adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with DGBI. While both ACEs and DGBI are prevalent among children, the relationship between ACEs and DGBI in childhood is not well understood.

Polyphenols in Human Nutrition: European Regulations and Potential Classification as a Novel Food or Food Additive.

Polyphenols are widely present in botanicals and are partially responsible for the health benefits associated with plant-based diets. Due to their nutritional and health-promoting properties, polyphenols are increasingly being proposed as innovative food ingredients, whether for technological applications or for inclusion in food supplements and other food products to enhance health. However, the regulatory considerations surrounding the use of polyphenols in human nutrition are critical.

[Vitamin B9 and B12 : clinical manifestations, screening and substitution].

Deficiency in vitamins B9 and B12 are common in general practice, due to their high prevalence in the population, especially among elderly patients. This article will present the clinical manifestations of vitamin B9 and B12 deficiencies, which can sometimes be insidious. We will discuss screening strategies, which are based on the presence of compatible symptoms as well as risk factors for deficiency.