Theoretical Studies of Anisotropic Melting of Ice Induced by Ultrafast Nonthermal Heating.

Water and ice are routinely studied with X-rays to reveal their diverse structures and anomalous properties. We employ a hybrid collisional-radiative/molecular-dynamics method to explore how femtosecond X-ray pulses interact with hexagonal ice. We find that ice makes a phase transition into a crystalline plasma where its initial structure is maintained up to tens of femtoseconds.

The package: computing the pair angle distribution function from fluctuation scattering data.

The pair angle distribution function (PADF) is a three- and four-atom correlation function that characterizes the local angular structure of disordered materials, particles or nanocrystalline materials. The PADF can be measured using X-ray or electron fluctuation diffraction data, which can be collected by scanning or flowing a structurally disordered sample through a focused beam. It is a natural generalization of established pair distribution methods, which do not provide angular information.

Age and sex-related variations in murine laryngeal microbiota.

The larynx undergoes significant age and sex-related changes in structure and function across the lifespan. Emerging evidence suggests that laryngeal microbiota influences immunological processes. Thus, there is a critical need to delineate microbial mechanisms that may underlie laryngeal physiological and immunological changes.

A retrospective observational study on characteristics, treatment patterns, and healthcare resource use of patients with myasthenia gravis in England.

Background: There are limited data on the real-world healthcare resource use (HCRU) and management costs of myasthenia gravis (MG) in England.

Objective: This study aims to assess the burden of disease for patients with MG in England.

Design: A retrospective, observational cohort study of adult patients diagnosed with MG, using data from the Hospital Episode Statistics data warehouse.

Pressure-Induced Metallization of BaH and the Effect of Hydrogenation.

Using optical spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electrical transport measurements, we have studied the pressure-induced metallization in BaH and BaH. Our combined measurements suggest a structural phase transition from BaH-II to BaH-III accompanied by band gap closure and transformation to a metallic state at 57 GPa. The metallization is confirmed by resistance measurements as a function of the pressure and temperature.