High prevalence of severe sleep cycle disruption in de novo acromegaly and underdiagnosis by common clinical screening tools: A prospective, observational, cross-sectional study.

Context: Although sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is well-recognised in acromegaly, most studies have reported heterogeneous, often heavily treated, groups and few have performed detailed sleep phenotyping at presentation.

Objective: To study SDB using the gold standard of polysomnography, in the largest group of newly-diagnosed, treatment-naïve patients with acromegaly.

Setting And Patients: 40 patients [22 males, 18 females; mean age 54 years (range 23-78)], were studied to: (i) establish the prevalence and severity of SDB (ii) assess the reliability of commonly employed screening tools [Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and overnight oxygen desaturation index (DI)] to detect SDB (iii) determine the extent to which sleep architecture is disrupted.

Low DHEAS: A Sensitive and Specific Test for the Detection of Subclinical Hypercortisolism in Adrenal Incidentalomas.

Context: Subclinical hypercortisolism (SH) occurs in 5% to 30% of adrenal incidentalomas (AIs). Common screening tests for adrenocorticotropin-independent hypercortisolism have substantial false-positive rates, mandating further time and resource-intensive investigations.

Objective: To determine whether low basal dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) is a sensitive and specific screening test for SH in AI.

Cortisol shifts financial risk preferences.

Risk taking is central to human activity. Consequently, it lies at the focal point of behavioral sciences such as neuroscience, economics, and finance. Many influential models from these sciences assume that financial risk preferences form a stable trait.

Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of losmapimod following a single intravenous or oral dose in healthy volunteers.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to establish safety and tolerability of a single intravenous (IV) infusion of a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor, losmapimod, to obtain therapeutic levels rapidly for a potential acute coronary syndrome indication. Pharmacokinetics (PK) following IV dosing were characterized, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) relationships between losmapimod and phosphorylated heat shock protein 27 (pHSP27) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were explored.

Methods: Healthy volunteers received 1 mg losmapimod IV over 15 min (n = 4) or 3 mg IV over 15 min followed by a washout period and then 15 mg orally (PO; n = 12).