Melampsora rust species on biomass willows in central and north-eastern Germany.

Melampsora willow rusts are the most important fungal pathogens in short rotation coppices of biomass willows. In the past, breeding programmes for rust resistant biomass willows concentrated on the distinction of races within the forma specialis Melampsora larici-epitea f. sp.

[Right ventricular perforation by a rib fragment following blunt thoracic trauma].

Blunt chest trauma produces a variety of injuries. Penetrating cardiac injuries from rib fractures are extremely rare. We report the unusual case of a patient with multiple rib fractures and penetrating cardiac injury from dislocated segment of fractured VIII left rib.

Photo-thermal measurement of absorptance losses, temperature induced wavefront deformation and compaction in DUV-optics.

A measurement system for quantitative registration of transient and irreversible lens effects in DUV optics induced by absorbed UV laser radiation was developed. It is based upon a strongly improved Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor with an extreme sensitivity of approximately lambda/10000 rms @ 193nm, accomplishing precise on-line monitoring of wavefront deformations of a collimated test laser beam transmitted through the laser-irradiated site of a sample. Caused by the temperature dependence of the refractive index as well as thermal expansion, the initially plane wavefront of the test laser is distorted into a convex or concave lens, depending on sign and magnitude of index change and expansion.

RAF expression in human astrocytic tumors.

RAF proteins are well known oncoproteins. The B-RAF has been shown to be activated by mutations in a multitude of human cancers. Alterations of C-RAF expression are discussed to play a role in lung cancer.

RNA editing (R/G site) and flip-flop splicing of the AMPA receptor subunit GluR2 in nervous tissue of epilepsy patients.

Editing and alternative splicing of mRNA are posttranscriptional steps probably involved in pathophysiological aspects of epilepsy. The present study analyses the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) receptor subunit GluR2 with respect to the expression of (i) editing at the R/G site and (ii) flip-flop cassettes. Nervous tissue from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy was analysed by RT-PCR followed by restriction enzyme assays.