MicroRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Female Infertility.

The study of microRNAs (miRNAs) has emerged in recent decades as a key approach to understanding the pathophysiology of many diseases, exploring their potential role as biomarkers, and testing their use as future treatments. Not only have neurological, cardiovascular diseases, or cancer benefited from this research but also infertility. Female infertility, as a disease, involves alterations at multiple levels, such as ovarian and uterine alterations.

An Analysis of the Digestive and Reproductive Tract Microbiota in Infertile Women with Obesity.

Previous studies have linked the microbiome of distinct body habitats to obesity and infertility; however, the often-divergent results observed have left the role of the so-called "second genome" in obese infertile patients incompletely explored. Here, we present a prospective observational multicenter study of oral, gut, endometrial, and vaginal microbiota of infertile patients classified according to BMI. Patients collected saliva/fecal samples, while vaginal/endometrial fluid samples were collected in the clinic.

Adenomyosis, especially in its focal nature, hampers implantation and live birth rate after single euploid embryo transfer.

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to assess if uterine adenomyosis impacts live birth rate per euploid embryo transfer. The secondary objectives included addressing obstetric and perinatal outcomes in the study group.

Methods: This was a multicenter and retrospective cohort study in which 228 patients diagnosed with adenomyosis undergoing single euploid embryo transfer between 2016 and June 2023 were included and matched on 1:1 ratio to control patients without ultrasonographic diagnostic criteria for adenomyosis.

The First Lugano Workshop on the role of adenomyosis in ART.

Adenomyosis is an important clinical condition with uncertain prevalence, and clinical focus on adenomyosis in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) has increased during recent years. Recognizing the limited clinical knowledge on the impact of adenomyosis on ART outcomes, the First Lugano Adenomyosis Workshop was a symposium involving experts in the field of adenomyosis, covering basic research, imaging, surgery and infertility to highlight current advances and future research areas over a wide range of topics related to adenomyosis. Adenomyosis is characterized by altered oestrogen and progesterone signalling pathways.

Private versus funded infertility care: not a challenge but a call for cooperation.

Private medical care has significantly contributed to the advancement of various medical fields. The birth of private IVF groups in the 1990s led to improvements in stimulation protocols, embryo culture, intracytoplasmic sperm injection, vitrification and preimplantation genetic testing. However, infertility is often misunderstood as a disease, leading to low birth rates and a lack of awareness among the general population.