The nucleosynthetic fingerprint of the outermost protoplanetary disk and early Solar System dynamics.

Knowledge of the nucleosynthetic isotope composition of the outermost protoplanetary disk is critical to understand the formation and early dynamical evolution of the Solar System. We report the discovery of outer disk material preserved in a pristine meteorite based on its chemical composition, organic-rich petrology, and N-rich, deuterium-rich, and O-poor isotope signatures. We infer that this outer disk material originated in the comet-forming region.

The public's perspective on the amount of time surgeons spend operating.

Background: As waiting lists for elective surgery grow, there seems to be a disconnect between the public's expectations on the amount of time surgeons spend operating compared with reality. On average, a surgeon in the NHS spends one day a week performing elective surgery. We aimed to investigate the public's perception on the amount of time surgeons spend performing elective surgery and what they would desire.

Injection sclerotherapy for the treatment of haemorrhoids in anticoagulated patients.

Background: Symptomatic haemorrhoids (SH) are a common condition; however, conventional outpatient treatment, including rubber band ligation, is contraindicated in patients receiving concurrent anticoagulation. Injection sclerotherapy (IST) has been proposed as a treatment option for these patients.

Methods: A retrospective review of case notes was performed in a colorectal surgery department that sits alongside a tertiary cardiothoracic surgical unit.

How much time do surgeons spend operating?

Background: Worldwide, there is significant variation in the amount of time surgeons spend performing elective surgery. The degree of variation is unknown. The aim of this study was to assess the variation in amount of time that surgeons spend operating worldwide.