Background: Considerable variability exists in the described clinical and radiographic indications for use, surgical techniques, postoperative management, and risk profile after trochleoplasty for the management of patellofemoral instability (PFI). In areas of clinical uncertainty, a cohesive summary of expert opinion and identification of areas of variation in current practice can be useful in guiding current practice and future research efforts.
Purpose: To assess the current indications for use, surgical techniques, postoperative rehabilitation practices, and observed complication profile for trochleoplasty in the management of PFI among surgeons who perform this procedure.
Normal placental development and angiogenesis are crucial for fetal growth and maternal health during pregnancy. However, molecular regulation of placental angiogenesis has been difficult to study due to a lack of specific genetic tools that isolate the placenta from the embryo and yolk sac. To address this gap in knowledge we recently developed mice in which Cre is expressed in allantois-derived cells, including placental endothelial and stromal cells.
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