[Videosurgery in infancy and childhood: state of the art. Experience with 1408 procedures in the Instituto da Criança "Pedro de Alcântara"].

The videosurgery in Pediatric Surgery has a large field of applications unfortunately still underexplored. There are few services that routinely use this techinic , and Brazilian articles published are scarce. The Institute of Children's Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, has been using for fifteen years the videosurgery which is now the first choice of treatment, among other diseases as gastroesophageal reflux, the cholecystolithiasis, the nonpalpable undescended testicles and megaesophagus.

The role of interleukin-6, endothelins, and apoptotic genes in small bowel transplantation, in a swine model of ischemia and reperfusion injury.

IRI is closely related to sepsis in ITx setting. Complete understanding of the mechanisms involved in IRI development may improve outcomes. Ortothopic ITx without immunosuppression was performed in order to characterize IRI-associated mucosal damage.

Which is the best technique for hepatic venous reconstruction in pediatric living-donor liver transplantation? Experience from a single center.

Background/purpose: The introduction of the piggyback technique for reconstruction of the liver outflow in reduced-size liver transplants for pediatric patients has increased the incidence of hepatic venous outflow block (HVOB). Here, we proposed a new technique for hepatic venous reconstruction in pediatric living-donor liver transplantation.

Methods: Three techniques were used: direct anastomosis of the orifice of the donor hepatic veins and the orifice of the recipient hepatic veins (group 1); triangular anastomosis after creating a wide triangular orifice in the recipient inferior vena cava at the confluence of all the hepatic veins (group 2); and a new technique, which is a wide longitudinal anastomosis performed at the anterior wall of the inferior vena cava (group 3).

Rex shunt for acute portal vein thrombosis after pediatric liver transplantation in children with biliary atresia.

Background/purpose: Posttransplantation portal vein thrombosis (PVT) can have severe health consequences, and portal hypertension and other consequences of the long-term privation of portal inflow to the graft may be hazardous, especially in young children. The Rex shunt has been used successfully to treat PVT patients since 1998. In 2007, we started to perform this surgery in patients with idiopathic PVT and late posttransplantation PVT.

Orthotopic liver transplantation in biliary atresia: a single-center experience.

Introduction: Biliary atresia (BA) is the leading indication for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) among children. However, there are technical difficulties, including the limited dimensions of anatomical structures, hypoplasia and/or thrombosis of the portal vein and previous portoenterostomy procedures.

Objective: The objective of this study was to present our experience of 239 children with BA who underwent OLT between September 1989 and June 2010 compared with OLT performed for other causes.