Publications by authors named "J G Hirschberg"
Article Synopsis
- Mild cognitive impairment and early-stage dementia are often underdiagnosed, leading to increased healthcare costs; this study aims to address this gap by using patient-nurse conversations recorded in home healthcare settings to develop an AI tool for early detection of cognitive decline.
- The research involved analyzing audio from conversations of 47 patients, identifying key linguistic features related to cognitive decline, and comparing the effectiveness of a speech processing algorithm to traditional electronic health record data.
- Results showed that the combined approach of using verbal communication and EHR data significantly outperformed either method alone, highlighting that certain speech patterns can predict cognitive decline, thus potentially improving patient care and reducing emergency healthcare visits.
Article Synopsis
- The Genome in a Bottle Consortium (GIAB) is creating matched tumor-normal samples that are publicly consented for sharing genomic data and cell lines, focusing on pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
- They provide a comprehensive genomic dataset from the first individual, combining high-depth DNA from tumor and normal cells using advanced whole genome sequencing technologies.
- This open-access resource aims to help develop benchmarks for detecting genetic variants in cancer, fostering innovation in genome measurement and analysis tools.
The phytohormones strigolactones (SLs) control root and shoot branching and are exuded from roots into the rhizosphere to stimulate interaction with mycorrhizal fungi. The exuded SLs serve as signaling molecules for the germination of parasitic plants. The broomrape is a widespread noxious weed in various crop plants, including tomato ().
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- Spaceflight triggers an immune response in astronauts, which was analyzed during the SpaceX Inspiration4 mission using various data types, including single-cell and biochemical analysis.
- Researchers identified a "spaceflight signature" in gene expression linked to processes like oxidative phosphorylation, immune function, and inflammation, found across multiple datasets.
- Key findings include up-regulation of specific immune markers in T cells, long-term suppression of certain MHC class I genes, and changes in infection-related immune pathways due to shifts in the microbiome.
Spaceflight can change metabolic, immunological, and biological homeostasis and cause skin rashes and irritation, yet the molecular basis remains unclear. To investigate the impact of short-duration spaceflight on the skin, we conducted skin biopsies on the Inspiration4 crew members before (L-44) and after (R + 1) flight. Leveraging multi-omics assays including GeoMx™ Digital Spatial Profiler, single-cell RNA/ATAC-seq, and metagenomics/metatranscriptomics, we assessed spatial gene expressions and associated microbial and immune changes across 95 skin regions in four compartments: outer epidermis, inner epidermis, outer dermis, and vasculature.
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