Blood donor SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination and adverse outcomes in plasma and platelet transfusion recipients.

Background: Despite data supporting the safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, concerns regarding the receipt of blood products from donors previously infected or vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 persist. We assessed whether transfusions of plasma or platelet products from donors with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination were associated with adverse outcomes in patients without COVID-19.

Methods: We linked donor SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid antibody data and vaccination history to blood products transfused between June 1, 2020 and March 31, 2022.

Efficient formation of a massive quiescent galaxy at redshift 4.9.

Within the established framework of structure formation, galaxies start as systems of low stellar mass and gradually grow into far more massive galaxies. The existence of massive galaxies in the first billion years of the Universe, as suggested by recent observations, seems to challenge this model, as such galaxies would require highly efficient conversion of baryons into stars. An even greater challenge in this epoch is the existence of massive galaxies that have already ceased forming stars.

Community Impact of Capacity-Building to Develop Trauma Resilient Communities.

This paper explores the impact of an initiative designed to promote trauma resilient communities by mitigating social determinants of health and reducing health disparities through capacity-building partnerships. Nine regional partnerships in Los Angeles County were funded to build community capacity to adapt to and recover from traumatic events through outreach and engagement with community members, training related to the impact of trauma, linkages of community members to existing services, and developing new services for target populations. Primary quantitative and qualitative data on community impact were gathered from agency leads (N = 10), partnership members (N = 136), and community members (N = 42).

RNA polymerase II at histone genes predicts outcome in human cancer.

Genome-wide hypertranscription is common in human cancer and predicts poor prognosis. To understand how hypertranscription might drive cancer, we applied our formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE)-cleavage under targeted accessible chromatin method for mapping RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) genome-wide in FFPE sections. We demonstrate global RNAPII elevations in mouse gliomas and assorted human tumors in small clinical samples and discover regional elevations corresponding to de novo HER2 amplifications punctuated by likely selective sweeps.

Geographically-Resolved Techno-Economic and Life Cycle Assessment Comparing Microalgae-Based Renewable Diesel and Sustainable Aviation Fuel in the United States.

This study integrates high-resolution thermal and biological modeling with techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment to evaluate and compare two different microalgae biorefinery configurations targeting renewable diesel (RD) and sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production in the United States at the county level. A dynamic engineering process model captures mass and energy balances for biomass growth, storage, dewatering, and conversion with hourly resolution. The modeled configurations enable large-scale biofuel production by supporting facilities in remote locations and cultivation on marginal lands.