Highly Selective Julia-Kocienski Olefination Using -Sulfonylimines and Its Mechanistic Insights from DFT Calculations.

The Julia-Kocienski (JK) olefination is effective for -selective olefination, but highly -selective versions remain rare. Here, we report a highly -selective JK olefination ( ratio >99:1) using -sulfonylimines as electrophiles instead of aldehydes. This method demonstrates a broad substrate scope, tolerating electron-donating and -withdrawing groups, amides, halogens, carboxylic acids, and hydroxyls.

The Appropriate Conditions for the Cell Sparing (FLASH) Effect Exist in Ultra-high Dose Rate Carbon Ion Irradiation.

Background/aim: Ultra-high dose rate irradiation (uHDR) (>40 Gy/s), commonly referred to as FLASH, has garnered attention in radiation therapy research due to its potential to mitigate damage to normal tissues while maintaining tumoricidal effects. Research on FLASH therapy using electron beams, X-rays, and proton beams has preceded studies using carbon ion beams. However, the clinical potential of FLASH carbon ion irradiation is increasingly being recognized, similar to other radiation modalities.

Evaluating Blood Flow Speed in Retinal Microaneurysms Secondary to Diabetic Retinopathy Using Variable Interscan Time Analysis OCTA.

Purpose: To quantify the blood flow speed within retinal microaneurysms (MAs) and investigate the relationship between blood flow speed and clinical characteristics in eyes with diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Variable interscan time analysis (VISTA) quantifies blood flow speed in the vasculature by measuring how fast optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (OCTA) saturates for different interscan times. Macular OCTA imaging was performed in eyes with DR using a high-speed swept-source OCT prototype instrument operating at a 600-kHz A-scan rate.

Gyro-spintronic material science using vorticity gradient in solids.

We present a novel method for generating spin currents using the gyromagnetic effect, a phenomenon discovered over a century ago. This effect, crucial for understanding the origins of magnetism, enables the coupling between various macroscopic rotational motions and electron spins. While higher rotational speeds intensify the effect, conventional mechanical rotations, typically, below 10,000 RPM, produce negligible results comparable to geomagnetic fluctuations, limiting applied research.

Systemic lupus erythematosus with hypothermia and Wallenberg's syndrome as signs of brainstem encephalitis: A grand rounds case.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that causes inflammation and organ damage. However, brain-stem encephalitis is rare in patients with SLE. We report a rare case of a patient with incipient SLE who simultaneously presented with brainstem encephalitis and cardiomyopathy.