Difelikefalin: A New κ-Opioid Receptor Agonist for the Treatment of Hemodialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease-Associated Pruritus.

Objective: To review data for difelikefalin (Korsuva) intravenous solution for management of moderate-to-severe pruritus in hemodialysis (HD) patients.

Data Sources: Literature search of PubMed (January 1946-May 2022) and SCOPUS (January 1946-May 2022) was performed using the terms: Korsuva, CR845, and difelikefalin. Additional information sources include ClinicalTrials.

Real-time, large-depth holographic 3D head-up display: selected aspects.

Today's state-of-the-art automotive head-up displays (HUD) possess single- or double layer focal planes that limit the observers' eye focus to these planes when crucial information is shown. Other visual 3D cues such as motion parallax also suffer from this limitation. The resulting viewing experience contradicts the natural way of viewing during driving or interaction, when alerts and hints should appear at the correct projection depth where real objects of interest are located.

Cloud System Evolution in the Trades-CSET: Following the Evolution of Boundary Layer Cloud Systems with the NSF/NCAR GV.

The Cloud System Evolution in the Trades (CSET) study was designed to describe and explain the evolution of the boundary layer aerosol, cloud, and thermodynamic structures along trajectories within the north-Pacific trade-winds. The study centered on 7 round-trips of the NSF NCAR Gulfstream V (GV) between Sacramento, CA and Kona, Hawaii between 1 July and 15 August 2015. The CSET observing strategy was to sample aerosol, cloud, and boundary layer properties upwind from the transition zone over the North Pacific and to resample these areas two days later.

Holographic measurements of inhomogeneous cloud mixing at the centimeter scale.

Optical properties and precipitation efficiency of atmospheric clouds are largely determined by turbulent mixing with their environment. When cloud liquid water is reduced upon mixing, droplets may evaporate uniformly across the population or, in the other extreme, a subset of droplets may evaporate completely, leaving the remaining drops unaffected. Here, we use airborne holographic imaging to visualize the spatial structure and droplet size distribution at the smallest turbulent scales, thereby observing their response to entrainment and mixing with clear air.

Design of an in-line, digital holographic imaging system for airborne measurement of clouds.

We discuss the design and performance of an airborne (underwing) in-line digital holographic imaging system developed for characterizing atmospheric cloud water droplets and ice particles in situ. The airborne environment constrained the design space to the simple optical layout that in-line non-beam-splitting holography affords. The desired measurement required the largest possible sample volume in which the smallest desired particle size (∼5 μm) could still be resolved, and consequently the magnification requirement was driven by the pixel size of the camera and this particle size.