Effects of submaximal intensity cycle ergometry for one hour on substrate utilisation in trained prepubertal boys versus trained adults.

Aim: Substrate utilisation during exercise might be different in trained prepubertal boys compared to trained adults, so dietary advice usually given to endurance trained adults may need to be adapted for endurance trained children.

Experimental Design: subjects pedalled for 1 hour on an ergocycle at 40% or 60% of Wmax (maximal aerobic power).

Participants: 14 boys and 13 adults active in endurance sport (swimming).

Piperidine renin inhibitors: from leads to drug candidates.

Non-peptidomimetic renin inhibitors of the piperidine type represent a novel structural class of compounds potentially free of the drawbacks seen with peptidomimetic compounds so far. Synthetic optimization in two structural series focusing on improvement of potency, as well as on physicochemical properties and metabolic stability, has led to the identification of two candidate compounds 14 and 23. Both display potent and long-lasting blood pressure lowering effects in conscious sodium-depleted marmoset monkeys and double transgenic rats harboring both the human angiotensinogen and the human renin genes.