An update on the role of sex hormones in the function of the cardiorenal mitochondria.

Multiple studies have highlighted the crucial role of mitochondrial bioenergetics in understanding the progression of cardiorenal diseases, revealing new potential treatment targets related to mitochondrial metabolism. There are well-established sexual dimorphisms in cardiac and renal physiology, with premenopausal females being generally protected from pathology compared with males. The mechanisms of this protection remain to be fully elucidated, however, they clearly depend, at least in part, on sex hormones.

Mid-late gestation leptin infusion induces placental mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein responses in a mouse model of preeclampsia.

Introduction: Preeclamptic patients, both lean and obese, present with elevated leptin levels which are associated with the development of maternal endothelial dysfunction and adverse fetal outcomes, such as growth restriction, leading to low birth weight. Recent studies in pregnant mice demonstrate that mid-late gestation leptin infusion induces clinical characteristics of preeclampsia, including elevated maternal blood pressure, maternal endothelial dysfunction and fetal growth restriction. However, whether leptin triggers placental stress responses that contribute to adverse fetal outcomes as in preeclampsia is unknown.

Pharmacoepidemiology of combination pulmonary vasodilator therapy in critically ill infants.

Background: New drugs to target different pathways in pulmonary hypertension has resulted in increased combination therapy, but details of this use in infants are not well described. In this large multicenter database study, we describe the pharmacoepidemiology of combination pulmonary vasodilator therapy in critically ill infants.

Methods: We identified inborn infants discharged home from a Pediatrix neonatal ICU from 1997 to 2020 exposed to inhaled nitric oxide, sildenafil, epoprostenol, or bosentan for greater than two consecutive days.

Rasch analysis of the depression anxiety stress scales-21 (DASS-21) in a mild traumatic brain injury sample.

Objective: In this study, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales 21 items (DASS-21) in a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) sample.

Method: Treatment-seeking adults ( = 347) were recruited from outpatient rehabilitation services in New Zealand. Dimensionality, reliability, person separation index, and differential item functioning (DIF) of the DASS-21 were examined using Rasch analysis.