Late-onset seizures and epilepsy: Electroclinical features suggestive of autoimmune etiology.

Introduction: Late-onset epilepsy (LOE) has recently become a topic of intense research. Besides stroke, tumors, and dementia, autoimmune encephalitis (AE) has emerged as another possible cause of recurrent seizures in the elderly, and may account for a proportion of cases of LOE of unknown origin (LOEUO). This 24-h ambulatory electroencephalography (AEEG)-based study compared patients with LOEUO and AE to identify features suggestive of immune-mediated seizures in the elderly.

Generalized Fast Discharges Along the Genetic Generalized Epilepsy Spectrum: Clinical and Prognostic Significance.

Objective: To investigate the electroclinical characteristics and the prognostic impact of generalized fast discharges in a large cohort of genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) patients studied with 24-h prolonged ambulatory electroencephalography (paEEG).

Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study included 202 GGE patients. The occurrence of generalized paroxysmal fast activity (GPFA) and generalized polyspike train (GPT) was reviewed.

Olfactory impairment in autoimmune encephalitis: another piece of the puzzle.

Background: Despite being long neglected, olfaction has recently become a focus of intense research in neuroscience, as smell impairment has been consistently documented in both neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory diseases. Considering the close anatomo-functional correlations between the limbic system and the central olfactory structures, we investigated olfaction in a population of patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE).

Methods: Nineteen adult subjects (14 males, median age 64 years) diagnosed with definite (14/19) or possible (5/19) AE and followed for ≥ 6 months were enrolled.

High rates of early remission pattern in adult-onset compared with earlier-onset idiopathic generalized epilepsy: A long-term follow-up study.

Objective: To investigate electroclinical characteristics and prognostic patterns of adult-onset vs. younger-onset idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) patients during long-term follow-up.

Methods: In this single-center retrospective cohort comparative study, adult-onset IGE was defined as onset after 20 years of age.

Seizure outcome trajectories in a well-defined cohort of newly diagnosed juvenile myoclonic epilepsy patients.

Objective: To investigate the temporal course of medication response and associated prognostic factors in a cohort of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) patients over a long-term follow-up.

Materials And Methods: Data from 113 JME patients diagnosed according to recently proposed class II criteria were retrospectively reviewed. Early sustained remission was defined as 4-year seizure remission starting within 2 years from the first antiseizure medication (ASM) intake, as opposed to delayed sustained remission.