Hemocyanin Modification of Chitosan Scaffolds with Calcium Phosphate Phases Increase the Osteoblast/Osteoclast Activity Ratio-A Co-Culture Study.

The ongoing research on biomaterials that support bone regeneration led to the quest for materials or material modifications that can actively influence the activity or balance of bone tissue cells. The bone biocompatibility of porous chitosan scaffolds was modified in the present study by the addition of calcium phosphates or hemocyanin. The first strategy comprised the incorporation of calcium phosphates into chitosan to create a biomimetic chitosan-mineral phase composite.

Crayfish hemocyanin on chitin bone substitute scaffolds promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.

Crustacean chitin-hemocyanin-calcium mineral complexes were designed as bone biomimetics, with emphasis on their ability to bind or release calcium ions. Chitin scaffolds were prepared by dissolving chitin flakes in LiCl/dimethylacetamide, followed by gel formation and freeze-drying. Some of these scaffolds were modified by incorporation of CaCO .

Strontium ions promote in vitro human bone marrow stromal cell proliferation and differentiation in calcium-lacking media.

In order to investigate the influence of calcium and strontium ion concentration on human bone marrow stromal cells and their differentiation to osteoblasts, different cell culture media have been used. Even though this study does not contain a bone substitute material, the reason for this study was the decrease of cation concentration by many biomaterials, due to induced apatite precipitation. As a consequence, the reduced calcium ion concentration is known to affect osteoblastic development.

Novel fiber-based pure chitosan scaffold for tendon augmentation: biomechanical and cell biological evaluation.

One possibility to improve the mechanical properties after tendon ruptures is augmentation with a scaffold. Based on wet spinning technology, chitosan fibres were processed to a novel pure high-grade multifilament yarn with reproducible quality. The fibres were braided to obtain a 3D tendon scaffold.

Gelatine modified monetite as a bone substitute material: An in vitro assessment of bone biocompatibility.

Unlabelled: Calcium phosphate phases are increasingly used for bone tissue substitution, and the load bearing properties of these inherently brittle biomaterials are increased by inclusion of organic components. Monetite prepared using mineralization of gelatine pre-structured through phosphate leads to a significantly increased biaxial strength and indirect tensile strength compared to gelatine-free monetite. Besides the mechanical properties, degradation in physiological solutions and osteoblast and osteoclast cell response were investigated.