PD-L1 Immune Checkpoint Targeted Photoactivable Liposomes (iTPALs) Prime the Stroma of Pancreatic Tumors and Promote Self-Delivery.

Desmoplasia in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) limits the penetration and efficacy of therapies. It has been previously shown that photodynamic priming (PDP) using EGFR targeted photoactivable multi-inhibitor liposomes remediates desmoplasia in PDAC and doubles overall survival. Here, bifunctional PD-L1 immune checkpoint targeted photoactivable liposomes (iTPALs) that mediate both PDP and PD-L1 blockade are presented.

Racial and Ethnic Demographic Reporting in Phase 2 Proton Therapy Clinical Trials: A Review.

Purpose: Equitable inclusion of racial and ethnic participation in clinical trials is crucial to improving disparities in health care, especially for historically marginalized populations. Our study aims to describe the racial and ethnic demographics of patients enrolled in published phase 2 clinical trials involving proton therapy in the United States.

Materials And Methods: Published manuscripts were identified in PubMed, Embase, World of Science, and Cochrane.

A single photodynamic priming protocol augments delivery of ⍺-PD-L1 mAbs and induces immunogenic cell death in head and neck tumors.

Photodynamic priming (PDP) leverages the photobiological effects of subtherapeutic photodynamic therapy (PDT) regimens to modulate the tumor vasculature and stroma. PDP also sensitizes tumors to secondary therapies, such as immunotherapy by inducing a cascade of molecular events, including immunogenic cell death (ICD). We and others have shown that PDP improves the delivery of antibodies, among other theranostic agents.

The 5-Factor Modified Frailty Index Score Predicts Return to the Operating Room for Patients Undergoing Posterior Spinal Fusion for Traumatic Spine Injury.

Objective: Within the trauma spine surgery literature, the effect of patient frailty on postoperative outcomes for posterior spinal fusion (PSF) remains clear. In this study, the authors quantified the influence of the 5-factor modified frailty index (mFI-5) score on hospital length of stay, diagnosis of a postoperative infection, 30-day readmission, and 90-day return to operating room (OR).

Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of all patients with traumatic spine injury undergoing PSF by a single surgeon at our institution from 2016 to 2021.

Low Radiologic Sensitivity in Detecting Radiation-Associated Breast Angiosarcoma (RAS).

Due to its rarity, literature pertaining to radiation-associated breast angiosarcoma (RAS) remains sparse, with most studies focusing on retrospective review. Of more significant concern is the ambiguity of screening recommendations and modalities used to detect RAS, with current guidelines focusing on yearly mammographic imaging for women who underwent lumpectomy with radiation. Unfortunately, routine post-cancer screening has demonstrated low sensitivity in detecting RAS, often mistaking it for benign changes in roughly half of cases.