"Floating island" technique: case series of a novel technique for surgical management of interdigitating calcified thoracic disc herniations.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the use of a novel approach, the "floating island" technique to surgically address calcified thoracic disc herniation (cTDH) that interdigitates with adjacent dura and to report clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients.

Methods: A retrospective case series was conducted by examining the electronic medical records of consecutive patients who underwent thoracic discectomy from August 2017 to December 2022. Of 65 patients treated for thoracic disc herniation, 37 had cTDHs.

What factors predict ambulance prealerts to the emergency department? Retrospective observational study from three UK ambulance services.

Objectives: Ambulance clinicians use prealert calls to advise emergency departments (ED) of the arrival of patients requiring immediate review or intervention. Consistency of prealert practice is important in ensuring appropriate ED response to prealert calls. We used routine data to describe prealert practice and explore factors affecting variation in practice.

Management strategies for cervical schwannomas: a comprehensive review.

Objective: The authors' goal was to provide a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management strategies of cervical schwannomas.

Methods: A thorough literature review of diagnostic imaging techniques, particularly MRI, was conducted to identify characteristic features of cervical schwannomas, such as avid Gd uptake and scalloping. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses, including stains for S100 and SOX10, were evaluated to confirm the diagnosis and differentiate schwannomas from other tumors, such as meningiomas and metastatic disease.

The integrated stress response pathway controls cytokine production in tissue-resident memory CD4 T cells.

Tissue-resident memory T (T) cells are a specialized T cell population that reside in tissues and provide a rapid protective response upon activation. Here, we showed that human and mouse CD4 T cells existed in a poised state and stored messenger RNAs encoding proinflammatory cytokines without protein production. At steady state, cytokine mRNA translation in T cells was suppressed by the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway.

The Cardiff Eye Shape Analysis Protocol (CESAP): Producing a digital representation of the anterior ocular surface.

Objective: To develop a method for accurate 3-dimensional (3D) representation of the anterior ocular surface (AOS) based on ocular impression and reverse engineering of an AOS plaster biomodel.

Methods: An AOS plaster biomodel was fabricated using ocular impression and a developed casting support device (CSD) and landmark registration element (LRE) to stabilise and consistently fix the impression casting tray within the casting support during the casting process. The touch-trigger probe on a co-ordinate measurement machine (CMM) digitised the AOS plaster biomodel to represent the AOS shape.