A Longer Duration of Intravenous Antibiotic Treatment for Patients with Early Periprosthetic Joint Infections Is Not Associated with a Lower Failure Rate.

Background: In recent years, many studies have demonstrated the efficacy of an early switch to oral antibiotics after surgical treatment in orthopedic-related infections. However, large analyses on periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs) are lacking.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational multicenter study in patients diagnosed with an early post-operative PJI, defined as one occurring <3 months after the index arthroplasty and treated with debridement, antibiotics, and implant retention (DAIR).

From movement to mind: Early fine motor skills are associated with cognitive performance at school age in very preterm infants.

Background: Although preterm birth is associated with deficits in both motor and cognitive functioning, the association between early motor skills and cognitive outcomes at a later age remains underexplored.

Aim: To evaluate associations between motor skills at age 5.5 and cognitive functioning at age 8.

The effects of diazepam on sleep depend on the photoperiod.

Daylength (i.e., photoperiod) provides essential information for seasonal adaptations of organisms.

The Reproducibility and Reliability of Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion Indices in Children and Adolescents.

Context: Insulin sensitivity and secretion indices can be useful tools in understanding insulin homeostasis in children at risk for diabetes. There have been few studies examining the reproducibility of these measures in pediatrics.

Objective: To determine whether fasting or oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-derived insulin measures would be more reproducible and whether there would be differences based on weight, sex, race, and pubertal status.

Incorporating Physical Activity in a New Two-Oscillator Model of Circadian Activity in Nocturnal and Diurnal Mammals.

In both diurnal and nocturnal species, the neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) generate a daily pattern in which the impulse frequency peaks at midday and is lowest during the night. This pattern, common to both day-active and night-active species, has led to the long-standing notion that their functional difference relies merely on a sign reversal in SCN output. However, recent evidence shows that the response of the SCN to the animal's physical activity is opposite in nocturnal and diurnal animals.