Importance of Ileum and Colon in Children with Short Bowel Syndrome.

Background: It is well known that small bowel length is a dominant prognostic indicator in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). The relative importance of jejunum, ileum, and colon is less well defined in children with SBS. Here we review the outcome of children with SBS with respect to the type of remnant intestine.

Alpine butterflies want to fly high: Species and communities shift upwards faster than their host plants.

Despite sometimes strong codependencies of insect herbivores and plants, the responses of individual taxa to accelerating climate change are typically studied in isolation. For this reason, biotic interactions that potentially limit species in tracking their preferred climatic niches are ignored. Here, we chose butterflies as a prominent representative of herbivorous insects to investigate the impacts of temperature changes and their larval host plant distributions along a 1.

Implementation contextual factors related to community-based active travel to school interventions: a mixed methods interview study.

Background: Active travel to school contributes to multiple physical and psychosocial benefits for youth, yet population rates of active travel to school are alarmingly low in the USA and many other countries. Though walking school bus interventions are effective for increasing rates of active travel to school and children's overall physical activity, uptake of such interventions has been low. The objective of this study was to conduct a mixed methods implementation evaluation to identify contextual factors that serve as barriers and facilitators among existing walking school bus programs.