Gamma oscillations and excitation/inhibition imbalance: parallel effects of N-methyl D-aspartate receptor antagonism and psychosis.

Background: Auditory steady-state response (ASSR) abnormalities in the 40-Hz (gamma band) frequency have been observed in schizophrenia and rodent studies of N-methyl D-aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction. However, the extent to which 40-Hz ASSR abnormalities in schizophrenia resemble deficits in 40-Hz ASSR induced by acute administration of ketamine, an NMDAR antagonist, is not yet known.

Methods: To address this knowledge gap, we conducted parallel EEG studies: a crossover, placebo-controlled ketamine drug challenge study in healthy subjects (Study 1) and a comparison of patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls subjects (Study 2).

Maxilla of Siamopithecus eocaenus (Anthropoidea, Primates) from the Paleogene of Krabi, Thailand, and its taxonomic status.

Detailed descriptions of the maxillae of Siamopithecus eocaenus, discovered from the latest Eocene/earliest Oligocene lignite mine in the Krabi basin of Peninsular Thailand, are presented. They include the morphology of P-M, the palate, a partial orbital region, and the zygomatic root. The specimen exhibits distinctive dental features including a single-rooted P alveolus, a protocone on the P and P, and a true hypocone on the upper molars, indicating its derived anthropoid dentition.

Mediation of beneficial effects of an alcohol-specific inhibition training on drinking of patients with alcohol use disorder: The role of cognitive demands and inhibitory performance.

Background: A cognitively demanding, alcohol-specific inhibition training (Alc-IT) might enhance treatment success in patients with severe alcohol use disorder (AUD; Stein et al., 2023). An inhibitory working mechanism for Alc-IT has been discussed, but compelling evidence supporting this hypothesis is yet lacking.

The curious case of the Dana platypus and what it can teach us about how lead shotgun pellets behave in fluid preserved museum specimens and may limit their scientific value.

Fluid preserved animal specimens in the collections of natural history museums constitute an invaluable archive of past and present animal diversity. Well-preserved specimens have a shelf-life spanning centuries and are widely used for e.g.