sp. nov., a New Purple Sulfur Bacterium from Low-Mineralized Soda Lakes That Contains a Unique Pathway for Nitric Oxide Reduction.

Several strains of a Gram-negative, anaerobic photoautotrophic, motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated as B14B, A-7R, and A-7Y were isolated from biofilms of low-mineralized soda lakes in central Mongolia and Russia (southeast Siberia). They had lamellar stacks as photosynthetic structures and bacteriochlorophyll as the major photosynthetic pigment. The strains were found to grow at 25-35 °C, pH 7.

True-to-scale DNA-density maps correlate with major accessibility differences between active and inactive chromatin.

Chromatin compaction differences may have a strong impact on accessibility of individual macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies to their DNA target sites. Estimates based on fluorescence microscopy with conventional resolution, however, suggest only modest compaction differences (∼2-10×) between the active nuclear compartment (ANC) and inactive nuclear compartment (INC). Here, we present maps of nuclear landscapes with true-to-scale DNA densities, ranging from <5 to >300 Mbp/μm.

Comparative Genome Analysis of the Photosynthetic Betaproteobacteria of the Genus : Heterogeneity within Strains Assigned to and Description of sp. nov. as a New Species.

The genome sequences for DSM 168 and four strains assigned to (DSM 110, DSM 111, DSM 112, and IM 230) have been determined. One of the strains studied (IM 230) has an average nucleotide identity (ANI) of 97% to the recently reported genome of the type strain DSM 109 of and is regarded as virtually identical at the species level. The ANI of 80% for three other strains (DSM 110, DSM 111, DSM 112) to the type strain of points to a differentiation of these at the species level.

Genomic Comparison, Phylogeny and Taxonomic Reevaluation of the and Description of fam. nov. and gen. nov.

The family represents purple sulfur bacteria of the found primarily in alkaline soda lakes of moderate to extremely high salinity. The main microscopically visible characteristic separating them from the is the excretion of the intermediate elemental sulfur formed during oxidation of sulfide prior to complete oxidation to sulfate rather than storing it in the periplasm. We present a comparative study of 38 genomes of all species of phototrophic .