Peroxidase 4-Based Enzymatic Synthesis of Stilbene Oligomers in Methyl Jasmonate-Elicited Grapevine Cell Suspensions.

Stilbenes are specialized metabolites that are particularly abundant in species. Although the biosynthetic pathways of stilbenes have been well-characterized, the role of specific peroxidases in stilbene oligomerization remains to be investigated. In this study, we used grapevine cell cultures to characterize the functional role of peroxidase 4 (VvPRX4) in the production of resveratrol oligomers after elicitation with methyl jasmonate (MeJA).

Protecting-group free synthesis of glycoconjugates displaying dual fungicidal and plant defense-eliciting activities.

A straightforward synthesis of carbohydrate templated isoxazolidines is described, by reaction of unprotected glycosylhydroxylamines (operating as 1,3-dipoles) with methyl acrylate using microwave activation. Rhamno- and erythro-isoxazolidines are recognized by plant cells, resulting in a strong ROS-production as a plant immune response, and exert a high antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea.

Impact of Infection Control on Prevalence of Surgical Site Infections in a Large Tertiary Care Hospital in Haiphong City.

Few point prevalence surveys (PPS) have been conducted in Vietnam on Surgical Site Infections (SSI) or antimicrobial use in surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate the PPSs of SSI before and after implementation of antibiotic stewardship programs (ASP) and infection control (IC) in a Vietnamese tertiary care hospital. ASP and IC practices were implemented in operating rooms and the orthopedic department, including antibiotic training, skin preparation, hand hygiene, gloves and sterile instruments, and SSIs risk factors.

Deciphering the role of plant plasma membrane lipids in response to invasion patterns: how could biology and biophysics help?

Plants have to constantly face pathogen attacks. To cope with diseases, they have to detect the invading pathogen as early as possible via the sensing of conserved motifs called invasion patterns. The first step of perception occurs at the plasma membrane.

Bacterial rhamnolipids and their 3-hydroxyalkanoate precursors activate innate immunity through two independent mechanisms.

Plant innate immunity is activated upon perception of invasion pattern molecules by plant cell-surface immune receptors. Several bacteria of the genera and produce rhamnolipids (RLs) from l-rhamnose and ()-3-hydroxyalkanoate precursors (HAAs). RL and HAA secretion is required to modulate bacterial surface motility, biofilm development, and thus successful colonization of hosts.