Timing, Duration and Quality of sleep, and Level of Daytime sleepiness in 1166 Retired seniors.

A telephone survey of 1166 community resident seniors (658 male, 508 female, age between 65 and 97 years, mean 74.8 years) was undertaken, which included among other components telephone versions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and the Sleep Timing Questionnaire (STQ). The median PSQI score was 5 and the median ESS score 6, suggesting that neither sleep problems, nor daytime sleepiness problems, were particularly prevalent in this sample of seniors.

Shiftworkers report worse sleep than day workers, even in retirement.

The aim of this study was to explore how the level of shiftwork exposure during an individual's working life might be related to subjectively reported sleep quality and timing during retirement. Telephone interviews regarding past employment and sleep timing and quality (among other variables) were conducted using a pseudo-random age-targeted sampling process. Subjective sleep quality was assessed using a telephone version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

The effects of frequent nocturnal home hemodialysis: the Frequent Hemodialysis Network Nocturnal Trial.

Prior small studies have shown multiple benefits of frequent nocturnal hemodialysis compared to conventional three times per week treatments. To study this further, we randomized 87 patients to three times per week conventional hemodialysis or to nocturnal hemodialysis six times per week, all with single-use high-flux dialyzers. The 45 patients in the frequent nocturnal arm had a 1.

Circadian type and bed-timing regularity in 654 retired seniors: correlations with subjective sleep measures.

Study Objectives: Using telephone interview data from retired seniors to explore how inter-individual differences in circadian type (morningness) and bed-timing regularity might be related to subjective sleep quality and quantity.

Design: MANCOVA with binary measures of morningness, stability of bedtimes, and stability of rise-times as independent variables; sleep measures as dependent variables; age, former shift work, and gender as covariates.

Setting: Telephone interviews using a pseudo-random age-targeted sampling process.

Smoking, alcohol consumption, and leukocyte counts.

Blood was collected from 684 healthy volunteers and examined for total and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts. A subgroup also was tested for numbers of T cells, B cells, and CD4 and CD8 subsets. Smoking status and alcohol consumption were determined by means of questionnaire, and smoking status was verified with serum cotinine concentration.