Patient-Reported Neuropsychiatric Outcomes of Long-Term Survivors after Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy.

CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified T cell immunotherapy is a novel treatment with promising results in patients with relapsed/refractory lymphoid malignancies. CAR T cell therapy has known early toxicities of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity, but little is known about long-term neuropsychiatric adverse effects. We have used patient-reported outcomes, including Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures, to assess neuropsychiatric and other patient-reported outcomes of 40 patients with relapse/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1 to 5 years after treatment with CD19-targeted CAR T cells.

Effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on submental muscle activity.

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) therapy has been proposed as a treatment option for pharyngeal dysphagia. However, little is known about the effects, if any, that NMES has on specific biomechanical aspects of the pharyngeal swallow. The purpose of this study was to determine if two weeks of NMES applied to the submental muscles increased myoelectric activity.

Bolus consistency and swallowing in children and adults.

Research has shown that swallowing in adults is affected by bolus consistency. Little is known, however, regarding the effect of bolus consistency on swallowing in children. Electromyographic (EMG) data from typically developing five- and eight-year-old-children and adults were obtained from the following muscles as they swallowed boluses of different consistencies: (1) right upper lip, (2) right lower lip, (3) submental, and (4) laryngeal strap.

Coordination of lip muscle activity by 2-year-old children during speech and nonspeech tasks.

This investigation was designed to quantify the coordinative organization of lip muscle activity of 2-year-old children during speech and nonspeech behaviors. Electromyographic (EMG) recordings of right upper and lower lip activity of seven 2-year-old children were obtained during productions of chewing, syllable repetition, lip protrusion, and speech (repeated two-word utterances) tasks. Task comparisons revealed that the coordinative organization of upper and lower lip activity is task specific; different coordinative strategies are employed for different tasks.