Microglia morphology in the developing primate amygdala and effects of early life stress.

A unique pool of immature glutamatergic neurons in the primate amygdala, known as the paralaminar nucleus (PL), are maturing between infancy and adolescence. The PL is a potential substrate for the steep growth curve of amygdala volume during this developmental period. A microglial component is also embedded among the PL neurons, and likely supports local neuronal maturation and emerging synaptogenesis.

Clinical Manifestations.

Background: Ecological momentary assessments (EMA) are increasingly used to monitor self-perceived memory and cognitive difficulties. We investigate how traditional self-reported, recall based assessments of cognitive difficulties correlate with EMA measures. We identify factors explaining shared variance between measures from the 40-item version of the Cognitive Change Index (CCI) and from EMA daily diaries, and factors explaining unique variance in each assessment.

Geospatial patterns by cancer stage across Australia for three common cancers.

Background: Monitoring cancer stage is vital to interpret cancer incidence and survival patterns, yet there are currently no cancer stage estimates by small areas across Australia, despite demonstrated large disparities in cancer incidence and survival. While cancer stage data is not routinely collected in Australia, a pilot project collected stage information nationwide in 2011.

Methods: Data on all primary invasive melanoma, female breast and prostate cancers (stages 1-4) diagnosed during 2011 in Australia were categorised into early and intermediate/advanced stage at diagnosis.

Machine Learning Models for Segmentation and Classification of Cyanobacterial Cells.

Timelapse microscopy has recently been employed to study the metabolism and physiology of cyanobacteria at the single-cell level. However, the identification of individual cells in brightfield images remains a significant challenge. Traditional intensity-based segmentation algorithms perform poorly when identifying individual cells in dense colonies due to a lack of contrast between neighboring cells.

Optical coherence tomography in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: cross-sectional and longitudinal exploratory analysis from the MS-SMART randomised controlled trial.

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) inner retinal metrics reflect neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). We explored OCT measures as biomarkers of disease severity in secondary progressive MS (SPMS).

Methods: We investigated people with SPMS from the Multiple Sclerosis-Secondary Progressive Multi-Arm Randomisation Trial OCT substudy, analysing brain MRIs, clinical assessments and OCT at baseline and 96 weeks.