Molecular characterisation of hepatitis A in the Western Cape province, South Africa in 2023.

In 2023, passive laboratory-based surveillance showed an increase in hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection. We investigated hepatitis A incidence using the notifiable medical condition surveillance system (NMCSS) data and molecularly characterised positive blood samples from the Western Cape province for 2023. All HAV IgM seropositive cases from the NMCSS from 1 January to 31 October 2023 in South Africa were investigated.

Surveillance system integration: reporting the results of a global multicountry survey.

Objectives: Currently, there is no comprehensive picture of the global surveillance landscape. This survey examines the current state of surveillance systems, levels of integration, barriers and opportunities for the integration of surveillance systems at the country level, and the role of national public health institutes (NPHIs).

Study Design: This was a cross-sectional survey of NPHIs.

Conceptualisation and implementation of integrated disease surveillance globally: a scoping review.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the conceptualisation and operationalisation of Integrated Disease Surveillance (IDS) systems globally and the evidence for their effectiveness. Furthermore, to determine whether the recommendations made by Morgan et al. are supported by the evidence and what the evidence is to inform country development of IDS.

The state of integrated disease surveillance globally: synthesis report of a mixed methods study.

Objectives: Disease surveillance is an essential public health function needed to prevent, detect, monitor and respond to health threats. Integrated disease surveillance (IDS) enhances its utility and has been advocated for decades by the World Health Organization. This study sought to examine the state of IDS implementation worldwide.

Growth Forms of spp. and spp. on Vaginal Cells.

Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal condition in women of reproductive age. During BV development, BV-associated bacteria may form a polymicrobial biofilm, which predispose women to recurrent BV. The aim of the study was to investigate the growth forms of spp.