[Does elitism of school influence the smoking-related health behaviour among grammar school students?].

The aim of the study was connected with smoking health behaviour estimation among public (SZP) and nonpublic (SZN) grammar school students. The analysis of 156 anonymous questionnaires was made. Questionnaires contained questions of parents' education, material situation of family, physical education, social relations with family and peers and positive or negative perception of smoking.

Muscle-invasive urothelial cell carcinoma of the human bladder: multidirectional differentiation and ability to metastasize.

Few published studies have addressed the correlation between multidirectional differentiation in muscle-invasive bladder cancer and its ability to metastasize. We demonstrated that histologic differentiation within a single tumor affects lymph node metastasis. We examined cystectomy specimens from 93 bladder tumors and 1085 lymph nodes.

Morphologic changes in the canine urinary tract after ureteral reconstruction with the tunica albuginea (experimental study).

Objectives: The problem of ureteral reconstruction has not been fully solved, despite dramatic developments in surgical methods. Many attempts to repair a ureteral damage with autologous or homologous organ grafts, or with organic substitutes have not really been satisfactory. Also, attempts to use alloplastic and heteroplastic prostheses made of synthetic materials have been equally disappointing.

Ultraviolet radiation (UV) induces reorganization of actin cytoskeleton in CHOAA8 cells.

Effect of UV radiation on actin cytoskeleton was studied in CHOAA8 cells by fluorescence and electron microscopy. UV irradiated cells showed impaired adherence, disruption of the actin filaments and stronger F-actin labeling in the center of the cell. Attached cells, especially enlarged ones showed rather weak labeling of stress fibers and bundles of F-actin in the cytoplasm, but some cells with intensive labeling of these structures were also observed.

Usefulness of histologic homogeneity estimation of muscle-invasive urinary bladder cancer in an individual prognosis: a mapping study.

Objectives: To examine the histologic homogeneity of muscle-invasive urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder, with conventional and nonconventional (eg, squamous, glandular, or variants) differentiation, to assess its influence on prognosis.

Methods: With organ mapping, we investigated 38 cystectomy specimens. Each entire bladder was cut into 88 slices according to an identical topographic scheme.