Beard reconstruction using hair grafts in a free flap.

Hair transplantation using micrografts or minigrafts is a standard procedure used for hair restoration in androgenic, burn scar and cicatricial alopecia. These grafts have also been used to reconstruct the eyebrow, eyelash, mustache, beard and pubic escutcheon. A patient who underwent successful micrograft and minigraft hair transplantation into a free osteocutaneous mandibular flap reconstruction is presented.

Breast necrosis: calciphylaxis a rare cause.

Calciphylaxis is a small vessel vasculopathy characterized by significant calcium deposition in the vessel walls and tissue of renal failure patients. The process leads to progressive, painful, ischemic wounding. Management is generally medical; however, superinfection requires surgical intervention.

Extra-anatomic microvascular second toe transfer for creation of a helper hand - a long-term follow-up.

Mutilating hand injuries can significantly alter a patient's life. Return to work and daily activities remain the ultimate goal. A case report and long-term follow-up of a patient who caught his hand in a generator fan at work is presented.

An object-oriented framework for dynamic ecosystem modeling: application for integrated risk assessment.

Ecological risk assessment requires the integration of a wide range of data on anthropogenic processes, ecological processes and on processes related to environmental fate and transport. It is a major challenge to assemble a simulation system that can successfully capture the dynamics of complex ecological systems and an even more serious challenge to be able to adapt such a simulation to shifting and expanding analytical requirements and contexts. The dynamic information architecture system (DIAS) is a flexible, extensible, object-based framework for developing and maintaining complex simulations.

The superficial sural artery flap in distal lower third extremity reconstruction.

Defects in the distal third of the lower leg and ankle are difficult problems to solve. Many partially successful solutions have been found. Even such elegant and successful approaches as free muscle transfer have downsides, including operative time, sacrificed muscle, and a small complete failure rate.