Clinical pathways in the management of the obese: Pre- and postoperative aspects.

Introduction: Bariatric surgery (BS) leads to substantial weight loss accompanied by reversal of several obesity-related co-morbidities and reduced mortality. However, surgery is associated with risks and its nearly irreversible characteristic requires a clearly established pre- and postoperative clinical pathway. In France, this pathway relies on recommendations made by the High Authority of Health (Haute Autorité de santé (HAS)) in 2009; an update is awaited in 2023.

Long-chain -3 PUFA given before and throughout gestation and lactation in rats prevent high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in male offspring in a tissue-specific manner.

This study investigated whether long-chain -3 PUFA (LC -3 PUFA) given to pregnant rats fed a high-fat (HF) diet may prevent fetal programming in male offspring at adulthood. Six weeks before mating, and throughout gestation and lactation, female nulliparous Sprague-Dawley rats were given a chow (C) diet, HF (60·6 % fat from maize, rapeseed oils and lard) or HF in which one-third of fat was replaced by fish oil (HF -3). At weaning, the three offspring groups were randomly separated in two groups fed C diet, or HF without LC -3 PUFA, for 7 weeks until adulthood.

[Definition, epidemiology and prognosis of undernutrition in adults].

DEFINITION, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PROGNOSIS OF UNDERNUTRITION IN ADULTS Undernutrition is a pernicious and very frequent disease, particularly in hospitals (30 to 40% of adults) where it tends to worsen during the stay. The Covid-19 epidemic has further increased its prevalence. Its pernicious nature is that it is often considered as a symptom accompanying a pre-existing acute or chronic illness and not a disease in its own right.