Re-shaping NHS orthodontic provision - the North Wales experience.

The orthodontic service provision within North Wales, in common with many areas of the United Kingdom, was experiencing increasing waiting times for assessment and treatment. Reasons for this included an increasing population, patient demand and fixed NHS contracted orthodontic provision. In addition to these universal challenges, the geography of North Wales contributed to difficulties in accessing care.

Ensuring effective device management.

In an article that first appeared in the August 2013 issue of HEJ's sister magazine, The Clinical Services Journal, John Sandham IEng MIET MIHEEM, discusses the need to put in place effective healthcare technology management policies, and highlights some of the barriers, including lack of management expertise, and insufficient commitment, that are making achieving this goal more difficult and, in the process, may be contributing to hospitals and other healthcare facilities being unable to comply with regulatory standards in this important area.

Determinants of first practice location: among Manitoba medical graduates.

Objective: To help understand physician movement out of Manitoba by determining the factors that influence Manitoba medical graduates' choices about practice locations.

Design: Cross-sectional, within-stage, mixed-model survey.

Setting: Manitoba.

Increasing the enrolment of rural applicants to the faculty of medicine and addressing diversity by using a priority matrix approach to assign values to rural attributes.

In an external review of the admissions process for the Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Canada, it was suggested that admissions policies be modified to increase the enrolment of students more likely to practise in rural locations, by selecting a cohort of students with attributes reflecting potential for rural practice. A broad-based Working Group devised a framework for scoring personal attributes reflecting a potential for living and working in rural areas. This framework, based on established characteristics reported in the literature, valued applicants who had rural connections, a history of rural employment, a history of rural community service, or a combination of these attributes.

Site-specific tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 governs the matrix metalloproteinases-dependent degradation of crosslinked collagen scaffolds and is correlated with interleukin-10.

We have previously shown that the foreign body reaction (FBR) against crosslinked collagen type I (Col-I) differs between subcutaneous and epicardial implantation sites; Col-I was quickly degraded epicardially, whereas degradation was attenuated subcutaneously. The current study set out to dissect the nature and regulation of the MMP-based degradation of implanted Col-I in mice during the FBR. Immunohistochemistry showed that MMP-2, MMP-8 and MMP-13 were present in subcutaneous and epicardial implants, whereas only MMP-9 was also present epicardially.