The Effect of the Oral Contraceptive Pill on Acute Glycaemic Response to an Oral Glucose Bolus in Healthy Young Women: A Randomised Crossover Study.

The oral contraceptive pill (OCP) is widely used by women worldwide, yet the influence of the OCP on carbohydrate metabolism remains under-investigated, with existing studies being few and largely cross-sectional. The study objective was to assess, for the first time, the effect of the combined OCP on postprandial glycaemic response to an oral glucose bolus, using a randomised crossover design. The effect of a combined monophasic OCP phase on glucose homeostasis and metabolic profile was investigated in 21 healthy young women, who were regular users of either androgenic or anti-androgenic OCP formulations.

Short-term high-intensity interval training exercise does not affect gut bacterial community diversity or composition of lean and overweight men.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Does short-term high-intensity interval training alter the composition of the microbiome and is this associated with exercise-induced improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness and insulin sensitivity? What is the main finding and its importance? Although high-intensity interval training increased insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular fitness, it did not alter the composition of the microbiome. This suggests that changes in the composition of the microbiome that occur with prolonged exercise training might be in response to changes in metabolic health rather than driving exercise training-induced adaptations.

Abstract: Regular exercise reduces the risk of metabolic diseases, and the composition of the gut microbiome has been associated with metabolic function.

A Structured Neonatal Parenting Elective: An Approach for Parenting Leave During Residency.

Objective: Pregnancy is common during residency, yet the duration of allowed paid leave is inadequate and utilizing unpaid family medical leave act (FMLA) time has financial and professional consequences. We evaluated the effectiveness of a novel parenting elective, consistent with educational goals for pediatric residents, on resident parents' financial, academic, and family outcomes.

Methods: In 2010, a 2-4 week structured at-home elective of outpatient neonatal care with full pay was implemented.

Do Fencers Require a Weapon-Specific Approach to Strength and Conditioning Training?

There are 3 types of weapons used in Olympic fencing: the épée, foil, and sabre. The aim of this study was to determine if fencers exhibited different physical characteristics across weapons. Seventy-nine male (n = 46) and female (n = 33) national standard fencers took part in this study.

Postactivation Potentiation and Change of Direction Speed in Elite Academy Rugby Players.

Marshall, J, Turner, AN, Jarvis, PT, Maloney, SJ, Cree, JA, and Bishop, CJ. Postactivation potentiation and change of direction speed in elite academy rugby players. J Strength Cond Res 33(6): 1551-1556, 2019-This study investigated the effect of preceding proagility sprints with maximal isometric squats to determine if postactivation potentiation (PAP) could be harnessed in change of direction speed.