Pharmacokinetics of Ampicillin-Sulbactam in Azotemic and Non-Azotemic Dogs.

Previous research has shown that azotemic dogs have a lower clearance and higher drug plasma concentrations of ampicillin compared to healthy dogs. The objective of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetics of ampicillin-sulbactam after multiple intravenous doses in hospitalized azotemic and non-azotemic dogs. This prospective study included 29 client-owned dogs; 19 azotemic and 10 non-azotemic.

Structural Plasticity of RRE Stem-Loop II Modulates Nuclear Export of HIV-1 RNA.

The Rev Response Element (RRE) forms an oligomeric complex with the viral protein Rev to facilitate the nuclear export of intron-retaining viral RNAs during the late phase of HIV-1 infection. However, our structural understanding of this crucial virological process remains limited. In this study, we determined several crystal structures of an intact RRE stem-loop II in two distinct conformations, performed negative-staining electron microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations, and revealed that this three-way junction RNA exhibits remarkable structural plasticity.

Enzymatic therapy video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for pleural infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: Parapneumonic pleural infections are frequently encountered, but the optimal treatment regimen remains controversial. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate whether immediate video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has advantages over intrapleural enzymatic therapy (IET).

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase and Web of Science Core Collection till November 2023 and included studies comparing IET and VATS in adult patients with parapneumonic pleural infections.

Nutrient limitation and seasonality associated with phytoplankton communities and cyanotoxin production in a large, hypereutrophic lake.

Though freshwater harmful algal blooms have been described and studied for decades, several important dynamics remain uncertain, including the relationships among nutrient concentrations, phytoplankton growth, and cyanotoxin production. To identify when and where nutrients limit phytoplankton, cyanobacteria, and cyanotoxins, we conducted in situ bioassay studies. We added nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), or N + P across various seasons in water collected from three locations across Utah Lake, one of the largest freshwater lakes in the western U.

Prioritisation of head, neck, and respiratory outcomes in mucopolysaccharidosis type II: lessons from a rare disease consensus exercise and comparison of parental and clinical priorities.

Background: The mucopolysaccharidoses are a group of rare, inherited metabolic disorders. MPS II is a X-linked recessive disease, also known as Hunter syndrome. Clinical manifestations include upper and lower respiratory tract, and head and neck pathologies influencing quality of life, morbidity, and mortality.